There's a nice "interview" on the Technology Review web site herewith Gilbert Metcalf, an economist at Tufts University. Dr. Metcalf advocates for a carbon tax on fossil fuels.
I happen to be a big fan of carbon tax, also. However, my opinion is largely intuitive, while Dr. Metcalf is able to explain with appropriate economic theory the strengths and weaknesses of a carbon tax, especially in contrast with cap-and-trade system.
More, below.